Physician-scientists are essential to bridging bench research and patient care. However, these unique professionals face mounting challenges, including unstable funding, prolonged training timelines, limited institutional support, and competing clinical and research demands that threaten the viability of this critical career path. This joint workshop from the American Junior Investigator Association (AJIA) and the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) will convene leaders from academia, government, industry, philanthropy, and health systems to confront long-standing structural challenges and explore bold, innovative models for sustaining physician-scientist careers. Through retrospective analysis, forward-looking panels, and solution-driven breakout sessions, participants will co-develop actionable strategies to support and retain this critical segment of the biomedical workforce.